Mounjaro (tirzepatide) and Ozempic (semaglutide) – What’s the difference?

Mounjaro (tirzepatide) and Ozempic (semaglutide) are injectable medications used to manage blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. These drugs have gained popularity for their additional benefit of promoting weight loss. While both medications offer similar advantages, there are notable differences between them.

Functions of Mounjaro and Ozempic
Mounjaro and Ozempic belong to a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, which are also known as incretin mimetics. These medications work by mimicking the effects of naturally occurring hormones, specifically glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 receptor agonists. After eating, these hormones are released by the stomach and increase insulin production while reducing glucagon production. Insulin helps the body use sugar from food for energy, preventing high blood sugar levels, while glucagon prevents blood sugar levels from dropping too low.

Both Mounjaro and Ozempic help regulate blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes but are not replacements for insulin. Additionally, research indicates that these medications slow gastric emptying, reducing appetite and aiding in weight loss.

How Mounjaro Works
Mounjaro (tirzepatide) is a once-weekly injection approved by the FDA for controlling blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is recommended in conjunction with diet and exercise. Mounjaro is unique as it activates both GLP-1 and GIP, making it the first drug of its kind. Currently, it is only approved for type 2 diabetes treatment, but the FDA is evaluating its potential for weight loss treatment. In clinical studies, a significant number of participants experienced substantial weight loss with Mounjaro. It also shows promise in reducing blood pressure, which may lower the risk of cardiovascular events, although it is not yet approved for heart-related conditions.

How Ozempic Works
Ozempic (semaglutide) is another FDA-approved medication for managing blood sugar in adults with type 2 diabetes. It is commonly prescribed for individuals with type 2 diabetes and heart disease to lower the risk of cardiovascular events. As a GLP-1 agonist, Ozempic activates GLP-1 receptors, stimulating insulin production post-meal and helping control blood sugar levels. It also signals to the brain to enhance the feeling of fullness, contributing to better weight management. Although not specifically approved for weight loss, Ozempic has demonstrated significant weight reduction in clinical trials.

Similarities Between Mounjaro and Ozempic

• Both medications are injectable and administered subcutaneously once a week.
• They effectively control blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.
• They promote weight loss.
• They reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke.
• They have similar side effects, including nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, constipation, and indigestion.

Differences Between Mounjaro and Ozempic

• They reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, such as heart attack and stroke.
• Mechanism of Action: Mounjaro is a dual-acting GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, while Ozempic is solely a GLP-1 receptor agonist.
• Effectiveness: Mounjaro is generally more effective for blood sugar control and weight loss compared to Ozempic. Clinical trials show higher percentages of weight loss and more significant reductions in A1C with Mounjaro.
• Heart Health Benefits: Ozempic is FDA-approved for reducing cardiovascular risks in people with type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Mounjaro has shown benefits in lowering blood pressure but is not yet approved for heart conditions.
• Dosage and Administration: Both medications are administered via injection pens. Ozempic pens are multi-use, while Mounjaro pens are single-use. Dosage options differ between the two medications.
• Cost: Mounjaro is generally more expensive than Ozempic. Costs vary based on dosage, insurance coverage, and eligibility for manufacturer savings programs.
• Choosing the Right Medication
• The choice between Mounjaro and Ozempic depends on individual health needs and treatment goals. Mounjaro may be more effective for weight loss and blood sugar control, while Ozempic offers additional protection against heart complications. Sensitivity to side effects may also influence the choice. Consulting with a healthcare provider is essential to determine the best option.

Switching Between Medications
Switching from Ozempic to Mounjaro or vice versa is possible, particularly if desired results are not achieved or if side effects are problematic. Such decisions should be made with a healthcare provider’s guidance to ensure a safe and effective transition.